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荔枝(Litchi chinensis Sonn.)嫩梢顶端的赤霉素(GA)和吲哚乙酸(IAA)含量很高,叶片转绿、梢老熟时明显降低,以后才开始花芽分化。在花芽分化过程中,大年树(成花多)枝梢顶端的GA含量较12月萌冬梢的小年树(成花少)低;在花序轴原基诱导初期大小年树枝梢顶端的IAA含量相似,但2月中旬至3月上旬(花序轴分化期至花萼原基分化始期)的IAA含量小年树较大年树低。1月下旬大小年树的GA含量均为最低,1月份的气温也最低。1月中旬用1000mg/lB_9。加500μl/l乙烯利叶面喷布 8年生成花多树,花序变短,雄花量减少,雌花量增加,雌花/雄花比值提高,开花期延迟。我们认为:(1)GA和IAA含量较低有利于花芽分化,但IAA含量太低也不适于花芽分化;(2)嫩叶和嫩梢是使荔枝枝梢顶端GA和IAA含量高的主要因子。因此,先促进营养生长,适时培养出粗壮适中并已转绿的秋梢,用B_9和乙稀利、PP333等生长延缓剂或是栽培措施抑制秋后的营养生长,防止冬梢萌发,去掉冬梢嫩叶,有可能促进花芽分化、提高产量。文中讨论了激素平衡与花芽分化的关系。
The gibberellic (GA) and indole acetic acid (IAA) content in the top of young shoots of Litchi chinensis Sonn. Was very high. In the flower bud differentiation process, the GA content of the shoots of the perennial tree (into flowering branches) was lower than that of the small tree (less flowering) of the shoots of adventitious buds in December. In the early stage of the induction of inflorescence axis, IAA content was similar, but IAA content of mid-February to early March (inflorescence axis differentiation to initial calyx primordial differentiation) was lower than that of young trees. The GA content of the size tree in late January was the lowest, and the temperature in January was also the lowest. Mid January with 1000mg / lB_9. Addition of 500μl / l ethephon sprayed 8-year-old flowers to produce more trees, shorter inflorescences, reduced male flowering, increased female flowers, increased female / male ratio, and delayed flowering. We think: (1) The lower GA and IAA contents are conducive to flower bud differentiation, but too low IAA content is not suitable for flower bud differentiation; (2) The young leaves and shoots are the main factors that cause high GA and IAA content in the top of litchi shoots . Therefore, the first to promote vegetative growth, timely cultivation of a moderate and has turned green shoots of autumn, with B_9 and B, PP333 and other growth retardants or cultivation measures to inhibit vegetative growth in autumn to prevent the winter shoot germination, remove the winter Shoot young leaves, it is possible to promote flower bud differentiation and increase yield. The article discusses the relationship between hormonal balance and flower bud differentiation.