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目的:设计并制造一种表面具有多孔连通结构的多根牙种植体(MRI),并评价其骨结合能力。方法 :以选择性激光熔化(SLM)技术制造的多根牙种植体(MRI)作为实验组,用市售可吸收介质喷砂表面处理(RBM)的种植体作为对照组,分别植入到新西兰大白兔的双侧胫骨近心端和股骨的远心端。12周后通过显微CT扫描、硬组织切片、推出实验和抗扭转实验评价骨结合情况。采用SPSS 19.0软件包对数据进行分析。结果:通过显微CT测量发现,MRI组的骨体积密度始终高于RBM组,并且MRI组的骨体积密度最后达到48.41%的峰值。组织学分析显示,MRI组的周围骨结合优于RBM组。硬组织切片显示,4周时新生骨组织开始长入种植体表面孔隙结构中,8周时新生骨组织长入双根分叉区域内。生物力学测试显示,MRI组的推出力从294.7 N增加到446.5 N,平均最大扭力从81.2 N提高到289.6 N;而RBM组的平均最大扭力仅从34.8 N提高到87.8 N。结论 :SLM技术制造的具有多孔连通表面结构的MRI,组织学和生物力学性能评估表明其具有良好的骨结合性能,可改善种植体的成骨性能。
Objective: To design and manufacture a multi-rooted dental implant (MRI) with a porous structure on the surface and to evaluate its bone-binding ability. Methods: Multiple dental implants (MRIs) made by selective laser melting (SLM) technique were used as the experimental group and the commercially available absorbable media blast-blasted surface treatment (RBM) implants were used as the control group and implanted into New Zealand Rabbits bilateral proximal tibia and distal femur. Twelve weeks later, the bone union was evaluated by micro-CT scan, hard tissue section, introduction of experiment and anti-torsion test. Data was analyzed using SPSS 19.0 software package. Results: The bone volume density of the MRI group was always higher than that of the RBM group by micro-CT measurement, and the bone volume density of the MRI group finally reached the peak of 48.41%. Histological analysis showed that the surrounding bone in MRI group was superior to RBM group. Hard tissue sections showed that new bone tissue began to grow into the pore structure of the implant surface at 4 weeks, and new bone tissue grew into the double root bifurcation area at 8 weeks. Biomechanical tests showed that the ejection force of MRI group increased from 294.7 N to 446.5 N, and the average maximum torque increased from 81.2 N to 289.6 N. The average maximum torque of RBM group increased from 34.8 N to 87.8 N only. Conclusion: The MRI, histological and biomechanical evaluation of the porous connective surface structure fabricated by SLM shows that it has good osteointegration properties and can improve the osteogenesis of implants.