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目的 了解学龄前儿童颅脑损伤发生的现状,探讨减少伤害发生的干预措施。方法 对1991年1月至2000年12月住院治疗的500例4～6岁儿童颅脑损伤的病例资料,依据GCS分型标准进行流行病学分析。结果 患儿男性多于女性（2.05∶1）,5岁组发生的人数最多（41.00％）;前三位伤因依次是跌伤（44.60％）、坠落伤（34.20％）和车辆伤（16.20％）。伤害的地点主要为家中及幼儿园内;主要伤害因素为上、下楼梯或楼顶玩耍坠落,坠床,碰撞,公路旁玩耍或横过马路等。结论 学龄前儿童颅脑损伤与周围环境密切相关,因地制宜地采取综合安全措施,能有效控制伤害的发生。
Objective To understand the status of craniocerebral injury in preschool children and to explore interventions to reduce the occurrence of injuries. Methods From January 1991 to December 2000 in hospitalized 500 cases of children aged 4 to 6 years of brain injury data, according to the GCS classification standard epidemiological analysis. Results There were more males than females (2.05:1) in the age group and 41.00% in the age group of 5 years. The first three injuries were followed by falls (44.60%), crashes (34.20%) and vehicle injuries %). The main locations of injury were in the home and in kindergartens. The main injury factors were falling or falling stairs, falling beds, collisions, playing beside the road or crossing the road, etc. on the stairs or the roof. Conclusion The brain injury in preschool children is closely related to the surrounding environment, and the comprehensive safety measures can be taken according to local conditions, which can effectively control the occurrence of injuries.