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无论在哪个市场,未来车辆的造型和总布置将越来越受制于行人保护的要求。行人保护始于20世纪80年代的一项欧洲计划,目前已经迅速扩展至世界各地,成为所有车辆制造商在改进被动安全、车辆总布置和造型方面所关注的重要问题。欧洲法规将从2005年起生效,而且2010年将进入更加严格的第二阶段。随着欧盟成员数量的增加,欧洲法规(包括行人保护)的影响力也在扩大。日本也计划在2005年实施法规。欧洲新车评估组织(EuroNCAP)从20世纪90年代中期成立时就设定了单独的行人保护星级。此外,国际标准化组织(ISO)和国际改装车赛车协会(IHRA)也在考虑行人保护标准,很可能导致巨大的美国市场实施行人保护措施。这些机构大多数建议不同的试验标准和撞击模拟器,进一步增加了行人保护问题的复杂性,使得车辆设计师在全球市场中更加难以针对行人保护进行车辆设计和总布置。本文件对比了不同行人保护提案的目前状况及其对车辆设计的影响,并论述了为适应行人保护要求而有必要进行的车辆设计和总布置变化。
No matter in which market, the future shape and layout of vehicles will be subject to more and more pedestrian protection requirements. Pedestrian Protection A European initiative that began in the 1980s has now rapidly expanded around the world and is an important issue of concern to all vehicle manufacturers in improving passive safety, general layout and styling of vehicles. European regulations will enter into force in 2005, and 2010 will enter a more stringent second phase. As the number of EU members increases, the influence of European regulations, including pedestrian protection, is also expanding. Japan also plans to implement the law in 2005. EuroNCAP has set up separate pedestrian protection stars since its establishment in the mid-1990s. In addition, the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and the International Association of Motorized Car Racing (IHRA) are also considering pedestrian protection standards and are likely to lead to pedestrian protection measures in the huge U.S. market. Most of these agencies suggest that different test standards and crash simulators further add to the complexity of pedestrian protection issues and make it more difficult for vehicle designers to design and layout their vehicles for pedestrian protection in global markets. This document compares the current status of different proposals for pedestrian protection and their impact on vehicle design and discusses changes in the design and layout of vehicles necessary to meet pedestrian protection requirements.