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中国人习惯于把职业称作“饭碗”没饭吃就没法生存,没饭碗就没法吃饭。时光走过了一百年、一千年,这个道理亘古不变。道理不变,“饭碗”在不断地变。在变与不变的双重制约下,或被动或主动,中国人调整着自己的心态和能力。泥饭碗:往事知多少本世纪的初期到中叶,社会环境的动荡让大多数的劳动阶层——无论是农民、产业工人还是知识分子都对自己的“饭碗”满怀忧虑。1949年新中国建立之初,由于连年的战乱,中国的经济基础十分脆弱。这一年,在中国4亿多人口中,农村有4000万需要救济的灾民,而城镇中,则有400万失业者和大量半失业者。东北大学的教授吕正谊老先生要靠从收破烂的人手中买来旧棉花洗净再卖出去换点钱贴补家用。那个时候人们的愿望很
Chinese are accustomed to calling their careers “rice bowls.” They can not survive without eating rice. They can not eat without their rice bowls. Time has passed a hundred years, a thousand years, this truth is unchanged. The truth remains unchanged, “rice bowl ” is constantly changing. Under the dual constraints of change and invariance, or passive or active, the Chinese adjust their mentality and ability. Muddy bowls: How old do you know From the beginning of this century to the middle of the century, the turmoil in the social environment has caused most working class - be they peasants, industrial workers or intellectuals, to worry about their “rice bowls.” At the beginning of the founding of new China in 1949, due to years of war, China’s economic foundation was very weak. This year, among the more than 400 million Chinese population, there were 40 million people in need of relief in rural areas, compared with 4 million unemployed and a large number of semi-unemployed people in urban areas. Northeastern University professor Lv Zhengyi veteran rely on from the hands of the tattered people bought the old cotton wash and then sold for some money to supplement the home. At that time people’s wishes are