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[目的]分析合并变应性鼻炎的支气管哮喘患者病情控制情况和肺通气功能。[方法]对入选的无其他心肺疾病、糖尿病和职业病的住院支气管哮喘患者,分单纯支气管哮喘组(单纯哮喘组)和合并变应性鼻炎组(鼻炎组)两组,进行病例对照研究,以问卷形式调查哮喘控制情况,以肺功能仪测定肺活量(VC)、一秒呼气/用力肺活量(FEV1%)和最大分钟通气量(MVV),建立个人数据库,对数据进行统计分析。[结果]275例支气管哮喘患者中鼻炎组126例,占45.8%,其发作频率、近1年住院次数和每次住院天数均高于单纯哮喘组,且差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.05);哮喘控制测试分值差于单纯哮喘组,且差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.05);鼻炎组VC、FEV1%和MVV均低于单纯哮喘组,差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。[结论]变应性鼻炎的控制情况影响支气管哮喘的发作和肺通气功能,临床工作中要高度重视支气管哮喘患者有无合并变应性鼻炎并规范化治疗。
[Objective] To analyze the condition control and pulmonary ventilation in asthma patients with allergic rhinitis. [Methods] The hospitalized bronchial asthma patients without other cardiopulmonary diseases, diabetes and occupational diseases were divided into two groups: bronchial asthma group (simple asthma group) and allergic rhinitis group (rhinitis group) The questionnaire was used to investigate the control of asthma. The spirometry (VC), one second expiratory / forced vital capacity (FEV1%) and maximum minute ventilation (MVV) were used to establish a personal database for statistical analysis. [Results] 126 cases (45.8%) of rhinitis group were observed in 275 cases of bronchial asthma patients. The frequency of attack, number of hospitalizations in one year and days of hospital stay were all higher than those in asthmatic group (P <0.05) ; Asthma control test score worse than simple asthma group, and the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05); rhinitis group VC, FEV1% and MVV were lower than the simple asthma group, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). [Conclusion] The control of allergic rhinitis affects the onset of bronchial asthma and the function of pulmonary ventilation. In clinical work, it is necessary to attach great importance to the treatment of allergic rhinitis in patients with bronchial asthma.