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[目的]探讨急性白血病住院患者发生医院感染的状况及危险因素,为制订医院感染的防控举措提供科学依据.[方法]回顾性分析本院血液科2011年1月至2013年12月收治的315例急性白血病患者临床资料.[结果]315例急性白血病住院患者医院感染发生率为37.8％.感染部位以呼吸道感染为主,其次为血流感染、口腔感染、皮肤感染、胃肠道感染、肛周感染;多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,住院期间有侵入性操作、住院时间超过15d、合并其他疾病是急性白血病住院患者发生医院感染的独立危险因素.[结论]急性白血病住院患者医院感染发生率较高,临床工作中应熟悉院感危险因素,并前瞻性地采取合理有效的应对措施降低院感发生率,提高急性白血病住院患者的治疗效果和生存质量.“,”[Objective]To explore the related risk factors of nosocomial infection for the inpatients with acute leukemia so as to provide scientific evidence for effective prevention and control of nosocomial infection.[Methods]Clinical data of 315 inpatients with acute leukemia at Hematology Department in our hospital from January 2011 to December 2013 were analyzed retrospectively.[Results]Nosocomial infection rate in the group was 37 ％.Respiratory infection was the main infection site,followed by bloodstream infection,skin infection,gastrointestinal infection and perianal infection;Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the invasive operation,hospitalization time more than 15 days,combined with other diseases were independent risk factors of nosocomial infection in patients with acute leukemia.[Conclusion] The incidence of nosocomial infection in patients with acute leukemia is fairly high.Clinical wvork should be focused on hospital risk factors,and take reasonable and effective measures to reduce the incidence of nosocomial infection so as to improve the treatment effect and quality of life of hospitalized patients with acute leukemia.