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本文对“隻”类字进行了多角度观察,以加强对殷商鸟文化的认识。主要认识有三:其一,“隻”类字反映了殷商先民捕食鸟类的活动,有违图腾禁忌,故而推测殷商时期可能并不存在玄鸟图腾。其二,获取义由从又从鸟的“隻”而非其他的动植物来构形,说明鸟对殷商人有非同寻常的意义,奥秘可能在于鸟类产卵孵化的生殖过程与能力。“隻”、“得”、“取”同处获取义语义场,说明各自包含的文化意象在殷商人的生活中大抵处于同等的地位。其三,“隹”和“鸟”的重要不同不在外形而在功能,“鸟”比“隹”更具神力,是自然力的象征。
This article makes a multi-angle observation of the words “only” to enhance the understanding of Shang business culture. The main understanding of three: First, “only ” type of word reflects the Shang people prey birds activities, contrary to totem taboos, it is speculated that Shang period may not exist mysterious bird totem. Second, access to justice is constructed from the bird’s “only ” rather than other animals and plants, indicating that birds have extraordinary significance for Yin merchants. The mystery may lie in the reproductive process by which birds spawn and hatch ability. “ ” “To get the semantic field of justice with the same place, indicating their respective cultural images in Yin merchants life probably in the same position. Third, the important difference between ”隹“ and ”bird“ is not a function of shape, but ”bird“ is more divine than ”隹" and is a symbol of nature.