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[目的]对山桐子种子育苗及生长的规律进行研究。[方法]为提高出苗率,播种前用5%的小苏打溶液浸泡种子3~5 h,搓去蜡质层,用细沙将种子拌匀后均匀撒播于苗床,统计种子的发芽率;幼苗长出2~3片真叶时进行移植,观察幼苗物候期;统计一年龄、两年龄和三年龄植株的苗高和地径生长规律。[结果]用5%的小苏打溶液处理可以提高种子发芽率到20%。苗高年生长量随苗龄的增加而增加。播种当年8~10月是山桐子生长最快的时期,占整个生长量的79%。在进入第2、3年后,山桐子苗高的快速生长期集中在每年5~7月份,占一年内整个生长量的87.94%和74.16%,其中5月为其生长最高峰。地径年生长量也随苗龄的增长而增长。播种当年7~9月是其生长最快的时期,占整个生长量的80%。在进入第2~3年后,山桐子地径的快速生长期集中在每年7~8月份,占一年内整个生长量的76.89%和61.23%,其中8月为生长最高峰。[结论]该研究为山桐子在重庆及周边省市发展与推广提供了参考依据。
[Objective] The research aimed to study the law of seedling growth of Jatropha curcas seed. [Method] In order to increase the germination rate, seeds were soaked in 5% sodium bicarbonate solution for 3 ~ 5 h before sowing, rubbing the waxy layer, mixing the seeds with fine sand and spreading evenly on the seedbed, the seed germination rate was calculated; Grow 2 ~ 3 true leaves when transplanting, observe the seedling phenology; statistics one year, two years and three years of plant height and diameter growth. [Result] The germination rate of seeds increased to 20% with 5% sodium bicarbonate solution. The annual growth rate of seedlings increased with the increase of seedling age. Seeding 8 to October is the highest growth period of Jatropha curcas, accounting for 79% of the total growth. In the second and third years after entering, the rapid growth period of Jatropha curcas seedlings is concentrated in May to July each year, accounting for 87.94% and 74.16% of the total growth in one year, of which the highest growth peak in May. The annual growth of ground diameter also increased with the growth of seedling age. Seeding from July to September is the fastest growing period, accounting for 80% of the total growth. After entering the second to the third year, the rapid growth period of Jatropha curcas is concentrated in July to August each year, accounting for 76.89% and 61.23% of the total growth in a year, of which August is the highest growth peak. [Conclusion] This study provided reference for the development and popularization of Arctium arborescens in Chongqing and its neighboring provinces and cities.