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牟宗三继承了熊十力的体用论而对康德哲学进行了中国化的改造。他把康德的意志自由从假设变成了呈现,于是纯粹理性就能够在道德实践的进程中把自由意志(或心体性体)扩展为宇宙本体,从而成就一个本体宇宙论的形而上学。牟宗三从对康德哲学的阐释中完成了道德的形上学的构建。道德的形上学使得康德哲学中割裂开来的自由和自然获得了直接的贯通。实践理性(自由意志)自身就可以保证至善的目的,因而彻底摆脱了康德道德神学的虚构。但是,牟宗三并没有把体用论贯彻到底,为了从道德主体开出知性主体,仍保留了本体界与现象界的二元分离(二层存有论)。
Mou Zongsan inherited Xiong Shili’s theory of body use to transform Kant’s philosophy into Chinese. He transformed Kant’s freedom of the will from the assumption to the point of presentation, so that pure reason could expand the free will (or psychosomatic body) into the cosmic ontology in the process of moral practice and thus achieve the metaphysics of ontological cosmology. Mou Zongsan completed the construction of moral metaphysics from the explanation of Kant’s philosophy. The metaphysics of morality makes the divorced freedom and nature of Kant’s philosophy gain a direct connection. Practical rationality (free will) alone can guarantee the purpose of perfection, and thus completely free itself from the fictionalization of Kant’s moral theology. However, Mou Zongsan did not implement the utility theory in the end. In order to open the intellectual subject from the moral subject, the dual separation between the noumenon and the phenomenology remained.