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几十年来,经过广大科技工作者的努力,我国科学施肥技术有了很大的发展。配方施肥技术的应用是我国施肥技术的一项重要改革。我国对化肥的使用,首先从氮肥开始的,随后是磷肥、钾肥和微量元素肥料。在五十年代,曾围绕着不同化肥品种在不同土壤类型和作物的效应,做了大量的肥效工作,取得了不少科研成果。随着小氮肥工业的发展和磷肥的推广,针对如何减少肥分损失,提高肥料利用率和增进肥效,开展了碳铵、氨水深施覆土、球肥深施、压粒深施以及氮磷钾化肥配合施用,缺磷土壤重点施磷等施肥技术的研究与应用,对于提高化肥利用率,增进肥效,提高经济效益都取得了很好的效果。
For decades, the scientific and fertilization technology in our country has undergone great development through the efforts of a large number of scientists and technicians. The application of formula fertilizer technology is an important reform of fertilization technology in China. China’s use of chemical fertilizers, starting from nitrogen fertilizer, followed by phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and trace elements. In the fifties, a great deal of fertilizer efficiency work was done around the effects of different fertilizer varieties on different soil types and crops, and many scientific achievements were made. With the development of small nitrogen fertilizer industry and the promotion of phosphate fertilizer, aiming at how to reduce the loss of fertilizer, improve fertilizer utilization rate and increase fertilizer efficiency, the paper carried out ammonium bicarbonate and ammonia deep soil cover, deep application of ball fertilizer, The research and application of fertilizer application with chemical fertilizers and phosphorus application in phosphorus-deficient soils have achieved good results in improving fertilizer utilization efficiency, improving fertilizer efficiency and improving economic efficiency.