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目的 探讨外周血循环微小RNA-21(miR-21)在乳腺癌患者中的表达及其临床意义.方法 收集76例乳腺浸润性导管癌患者及20名健康体检者的静脉血,血清分离后,运用实时定量PCR检测miR-21的表达.比较乳腺癌患者与健康对照者以及患者术前与术后miR-21表达差异.受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线法分析miR-21对乳腺癌的诊断效能.结果 乳腺癌患者血清miR-21表达比健康人高(P＜ 0.001),乳腺癌患者接受手术治疗后血清miR-21表达量下降(P＜ 0.001).随着乳腺癌分期的增加,血清miR-21表达水平逐渐上升(P＜0.001).血清miR-21区分乳腺癌患者与健康者ROC曲线下面积为0.934.结论 血清miR-21可能是诊断乳腺癌的一个无创标记物.“,”Objective To investigate the potential of circulating miR-21 as a novel primary breast cancer biomarker.Methods Serum samples were collected from 76 pathologically proven invasive ductal carcinoma breast cancer (BC) patients and 20 healthy women.Relative real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction was employed to measure the serum miR-21 expression level.The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was carried out to estimate the diagnostic accuracy of the serum miR-21 for BC.Results Serum miR-21 level of BC patients was higher as compared with healthy controls (P ＜ 0.001).Increased levels of miR-21 were associated with advanced clinical stage (P ＜ 0.001).Moreover,postoperative level of miR-21 was lower than that of presurgery (P ＜ 0.001).Area under the curve score of ROC was 0.934 for miR-21 to discriminate the B C patients from the healthy individuals.Conclusion Serum miR-21 may serve as a noninvasive biomarker of diagnosis in BC patients.