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基于秦岭终南山特长公路隧道,建立了长大隧道的三维简化模型,综合考虑起火位置、通风速度和风向、及燃烧强度等影响,利用数值模拟方法对长大隧道内火灾燃烧特性和气体散布规律进行了研究,并对应不同火灾情况对通风措施和横向通道疏散方法进行了优化。数值模拟结果表明:火灾中隧道内最高温度出现在烟雾聚集区域,而且高温区随着烟雾的扩散而增大;通风对烟雾的运动和高温区分布具有重要影响,可以降低隧道内的温度,同时遏制烟气向上游通道扩散,但烟雾对下游影响范围增加;在不通风的情况下,该通道模型的上游区域比下游区域更易受到火灾的影响。
Based on the Qinling Zhongnanshan highway tunnel, a three-dimensional simplified model of long and large tunnel was established. Combining with the influences of fire location, ventilation speed and wind direction, and combustion intensity, the combustion characteristics and gas distribution in long and large tunnels were numerically simulated A study was conducted to optimize ventilation methods and lateral channel evacuation methods for different fire conditions. Numerical simulation results show that the highest temperature in the tunnel appears in the smoke gathering area, and the high temperature area increases with the spread of the smoke. Ventilation has an important influence on the movement of the smoke and the distribution of the high temperature area, and can reduce the temperature in the tunnel. Meanwhile, Containment of flue gas to the upstream channel diffusion, but smoke to increase the impact of the downstream; in the case of unventilated, the upper reaches of the channel model than the lower reaches of the region more susceptible to fire.