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目的了解深圳市塑胶制造业职业伤害发生的特点和规律,为有效控制职业伤害的发生提供科学依据。方法随机抽取4家塑胶制造工厂中的工人进行问卷调查,分析职业伤害发生特征。结果4间塑胶制造业工厂,职业伤害年发生率为7.5%。职业伤害发生的时间多集中于上午9～10点和下午5～6点;随着工龄和技术等级的增加,职业伤害的发生率随之下降。职业伤害的发生与作业工人的性格、情绪有关;与老板是否提供安全防护设备有关。导致伤害发生的原因主要以热/火烫(30.2%)、物体打击(14.1%)、跌倒/跌落(10.7%),机器伤害(3.4%)为主,伤害部位主要为手指/脚趾(65.8%)。结论职业伤害已成为重要的公共卫生问题,开展职业伤害的预防和控制工作已刻不容缓。
Objective To understand the characteristics and rules of occupational injuries in plastic manufacturing in Shenzhen and to provide scientific evidence for effective control of occupational injuries. Methods A random sample of workers in four plastic manufacturing factories was surveyed to analyze the characteristics of occupational injuries. Results In the four plastic manufacturing factories, the annual incidence of occupational injuries was 7.5%. Occupational injuries occurred more often in the 9-10 am and 5-6 pm; the incidence of occupational injuries decreased as the length of service and skill increased. Occurrence of occupational injuries and the workers’ personalities, emotions related to the boss whether to provide security equipment. The main causes of injuries were mainly hot / hot (30.2%), object strike (14.1%), fall / fall (10.7%) and machine damage (3.4%), with the main injuries being finger / toes . Conclusion Occupational injury has become an important issue of public health, prevention and control of occupational injuries have been urgent.