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目的调查宿州市巨大儿发生率,分析巨大儿发生的相关因素,以降低巨大儿发生率。方法巨大儿发生率通过区域卫生信息平台报表获得统计数据。巨大儿相关因素分析资料采用病例对照研究方法,巨大儿299例作为巨大儿组,另选取正常体重300例作为正常体重儿组。通过收集查阅病史了解孕期和新生儿信息,采用SPSS 19.0统计学软件进行分析。结果 2014年度宿州市活产新生儿86 178例,其中巨大儿5 320例;巨大儿发病率为6.17%。2组孕产妇情况比较,在孕次、产次、产妇年龄、孕前体重指数(BMI)、孕期增重、妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)、分娩方式与孕周等方面,差异均有统计学意义。多因素非条件Logisitic回归分析,孕期增重影响度最高;其次是孕前BMI和妊娠期糖尿病;男性新生儿、分娩方式和孕次等因素也都与巨大儿发生率相关。结论 1宿州市2014年巨大儿发生率低于7.30%的全国水平,也低于安徽省经济发达地区10.60%水平。2孕前体重指数(BMI)、孕期增重、妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)、孕产次、男胎等均是巨大儿发生的相关因素。3加强孕前教育,控制孕前BMI,强化孕期指导,控制孕期增重,合理饮食,适当运动,减少妊娠期糖尿病的发生等应作为预防巨大儿的重点干预因素。
Objective To investigate the incidence of huge children in Suzhou and to analyze the related factors of giant children so as to reduce the incidence of huge children. Methods The incidence of macrosomia in children through the regional health information platform to obtain statistical data. The macrosomia analysis of relevant data using case-control study method, 299 cases of giant children as giant children, the other 300 normal weight selected as a normal weight group. Through the collection of medical records for pregnancy and neonatal information, using SPSS 19.0 statistical software for analysis. Results In 2014, 86 178 newborn babies were alive in Suzhou City, of which 5 320 were giant ones. The incidence of macrosomia was 6.17%. There were significant differences in gestational age, parity, maternal age, body mass index before pregnancy (BMI), weight gain during pregnancy, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), mode of delivery and gestational age between the two groups. Multivariate non-conditional logistic regression analysis showed that pregnancy had the highest impact on weight gain, followed by pre-pregnancy BMI and gestational diabetes. Male neonates, modes of delivery, and gestational age were also associated with the incidence of macrosomia. Conclusion 1 The incidence of giant malnutrition in Suzhou in 2014 was below the national level of 7.30% and also below the level of 10.60% in economically developed areas of Anhui Province. 2 pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), pregnancy weight gain, gestational diabetes (GDM), pregnancy and childbirth, male fetuses are all related to macrosomia. 3 to strengthen pre-pregnancy education, control pre-pregnancy BMI, strengthen pregnancy guidance, control pregnancy weight gain, reasonable diet, proper exercise, reduce the incidence of gestational diabetes should be as a key intervention in the prevention of macrosomia.