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本文探讨的是公共行政与公共政策研究中的时间、时间性和时间图(timescapes)的问题。谈到关于时间的类型,如时序、序列、速度、持续时间、时间预算、时间限制或时间跨度等,这些在政治学中是无处不在的,但是在行政学和政策制定中,却很少有对时间进行系统研究的。本文所要引入的这个特殊问题,聚焦于因时间发展而产生政策变化的原因分析、时间和权力之间的关系,以及可视化(visualisation)对于理解伴随时间发生变化所产生的作用。把这些问题统一起来考虑,这些论文试图推进如下问题的探讨:①探讨时间的不同层面及其如何影响政府的公共政策;②关注作为制度的时间和作为资源的时间;③讨论政治和行政的时间特性,如期限限制,包括公共政策制定的期限限制,如政策周期或政策跨度;④分别从历时性——历史视角和共时性视角来探讨时间;⑤讨论时间在政治和政策分析的不同理论传统中的地位;⑥从方法论角度审视时间问题。
This article explores the issues of time, timeliness and timescapes in the study of public administration and public policy. Talking about the types of time, such as timing, sequence, speed, duration, time budget, time constraints, or time spans, are ubiquitous in politics but less in administration and policy making There is a systematic study of time. This particular issue to be addressed in this paper focuses on the analysis of the causes of policy changes over time, the relationship between time and power, and the role of visualization in understanding change over time. Considering these issues together, these essays try to advance the discussion of the following questions: (1) to explore the different dimensions of time and how they affect the public policies of the government; (2) to pay attention to the time as a system and the time as resources; (3) to discuss political and administrative time Characteristics, such as deadlines, including deadlines for public policy making, such as policy cycles or policy spans; ④ Time respectively from diachronic, historical and synchronic perspectives; and ⑤ Discussion time, different theories of political and policy analysis Traditional status; ⑥ from the perspective of methodology to examine the issue of time.