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化学致癌物质引起机体肿瘤,与其进入机体的途径、剂量和应用方法有关。抗癌药也是一种有潜在能力的致癌物质。抗癌药的作用或为烷化,或与脱氧核糖核酸紧密接合,可使实验动物发生肿瘤,对人体或亦有致癌作用。抗癌药在动物实验中显示的致癌作用,扩大了化学物质发生肿瘤能力的范畴。化学致癌过程中,宿主的决定因素极为重要。许多化学致癌质和抗癌药需要细胞内酶进行代谢活动。孪生子的研究显示人体间个体药物代谢差异远大于外来因素所造成的个体差异。因此,某一个体可能
Chemical carcinogens cause tumors in the body, which are related to their way into the body, dosage and application methods. Anticancer drugs are also potential carcinogens. The effect of anticancer drugs is alkylation, or close adhesion to DNA, which can cause tumors in experimental animals and may also have carcinogenic effects on the human body. The carcinogenic effects shown by anticancer drugs in animal experiments have expanded the scope of the ability of chemical substances to develop tumors. The determinants of the host are extremely important in chemical carcinogenesis. Many chemical carcinogens and anticancer drugs require intracellular enzymes for metabolic activity. Twin studies have shown that differences in individual drug metabolism between humans are much greater than those caused by external factors. Therefore, an individual may