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通过野外实地调查,研究了陕南秦巴山区不同立地条件下药用植物物种多样性变化和不同生活型物种多样性特征。结果表明:从生活型来看,药用植物乔木层、灌木层、草本层物种多样性指数及物种多样性指数和均表现为:北部山地区>东部山地区>南部浅山丘陵区;均匀度指数灌木层和草本层均表现为:北部山地区>东部山地区>南部浅山丘陵区,乔木层则表现:东部山地区>北部山地区>南部浅山区。总体而言,不同立地条件下药用植物物种多样性表现:北部山地区>东部山地区>南部浅山丘陵区,即表现海拔越高物种多样性越高的规律。各立地条件下生活型药用植物物种多样性略有不同,南部浅山丘陵区表现为:草本层>乔木层>灌木层;东部和北部山地区表现为:草本层>灌木层>乔木层。草本层更具有多变性,能适应不同的生境变化,其多样性最高。
Through the field investigation, the species diversity of medicinal plants and the diversity of different life-form species in different habitats of Qinba Mountains were studied. The results showed that from the perspective of life type, the species diversity index and species diversity index of arborous layer, shrub layer and herb layer of medicinal plants were as follows: northern mountainous area> eastern mountainous area> southern shallow hillock area; evenness index The shrub layer and herb layer both showed as: northern mountain area> eastern mountainous area> southern shallow mountainous hilly area, and arbor layer showed eastern mountainous area> northern mountainous area> southern shallow mountainous area. Overall, the species diversity of medicinal plants under different site conditions showed that the northern mountain area> the eastern mountainous area> the southern shallow mountainous hill area, that is, the higher the species diversity of the higher elevation. The species diversity of life-form medicinal plants varied slightly under different habitats. The hilly areas in the south were as follows: herb layer> tree layer> shrub layer; and the eastern and northern mountain areas were herb layer> shrub layer> tree layer. The herb layer is more variability and can adapt to different habitat changes with the highest diversity.