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沥青具有高度的粘着性和防水防湿特性,同时亦有防腐、防锈、耐磨、耐火及电气绝缘等作用,为许多工业上不可缺少的原料之一,故其应用范围甚广,如铺筑道路、铁道枕木、各种防水工程、桥梁、造船、房屋建筑、电杆木防腐、电气绝缘物、水管、煤气管、防潮纸、电机制造、炼油、炼煤焦、油毛毡、炼钢、橡胶等。沥青包含成分至今尚未完全了解,但其中主要有叮啶类、酚类、毗啶类、蒽类、萘类等化学物质,均属对人体有害,经常接触即可发病。在我国工业飞跃发展的今天,研究和防治沥青所引起的职业病是十分必要的。我院于1960年在党的保粮保钢伟大运动的号召下,进行调查电解铝工厂接触沥青工人156名,钢联耐火砖厂工人98名,耐火泥厂工人25名、炉衬工人29人共308名,今将其资料报导如下,以供同道参考。
Asphalt has a high degree of adhesion and waterproof moisture characteristics, but also has anti-corrosion, anti-rust, wear resistance, fire resistance and electrical insulation and other functions, for many industrial indispensable raw materials, so the application of a wide range of applications such as paving Railway, railway sleepers, all kinds of waterproofing works, bridges, shipbuilding, housing construction, pole wood preservatives, electrical insulation, water pipes, gas pipes, moisture-proof paper, motor manufacturing, oil refining, coal coking, oil felt, steelmaking, rubber, etc. . Bitumen contains ingredients are not yet fully understood, but mainly the ding ding, phenols, pyridine, anthracene, naphthalene and other chemicals, are harmful to humans, often exposed to the disease. In the development of China’s industrial leap today, it is very necessary to study and prevent occupational diseases caused by asphalt. In 1960, under the call of the great policy of the party’s grain-conserving Baosteel, our institute investigated 156 asphalt-contacting workers in electrolytic aluminum factories, 98 workers in Steel-linked refractory brick factories, 25 workers in refractory sludge works and 29 workers in linings 308, now the information reported below, for fellow reference.