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胰腺癌是临床较常见的消化道恶性肿瘤,最早由Mondiare及Bettersby所叙述,1888年由Bard和Pic做了报道。近年来,胰腺癌发病率国内外均有增加趋势。由于胰腺位于后腹膜,胰腺癌的早期症状又缺乏特异性,易被忽略,因而解决胰腺癌的早期诊断仍然是一个重要课题。一、临床诊断胰腺癌的早期诊断较为困难.Frank等认为胰头癌致胆道阻塞后的早期临床表现是胆道内压增高,而非黄疸。有人认为,无明显诱因持续性的腹痛;食欲不振和消瘦;恶心或呕吐;大便习惯的改变;是胰体尾部癌的四个早期主要症状。总之,早期诊断有赖于临床医师的高度警惕性,要重视对病人早期症状的认识和分析,并应对以往诊断胰腺癌的一些传统观念重新验证。凡40岁以上的病人,在短期内出现持续性上腹痛或闷胀感,食欲明显减退或消瘦,持续腰背痛等,经一般检查排除胃肠肝胆疾病,则应高度警惕胰腺癌,并及时进行详细检查。
Pancreatic cancer is a common clinical malignant tumor of the digestive tract. It was first described by Mondiare and Bettersby. It was reported by Bard and Pic in 1888. In recent years, the incidence of pancreatic cancer has increased both at home and abroad. Because the pancreas is located in the retroperitoneum, the early symptoms of pancreatic cancer are lacking in specificity and are easily overlooked. Therefore, it is still an important issue to resolve the early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. First, the clinical diagnosis of pancreatic cancer is difficult to diagnose early. Frank et al. believe that the early clinical manifestations of pancreatic cancer after biliary obstruction is increased biliary pressure, rather than jaundice. Some people believe that there is no obvious cause of persistent abdominal pain; loss of appetite and weight loss; nausea or vomiting; changes in bowel habits are the four main symptoms of pancreatic cancer. In short, early diagnosis depends on the vigilance of clinicians. It is necessary to pay attention to the understanding and analysis of the patients’ early symptoms, and to re-verify some traditional concepts in the past to diagnose pancreatic cancer. Patients over the age of 40 have persistent epigastric pain or stuffy sensation in the short term, appetite loss or weight loss, persistent low back pain, etc. After general examination to exclude gastrointestinal hepatobiliary disease, pancreatic cancer should be highly vigilant and timely Conduct a detailed inspection.