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目的：探讨肿瘤坏死因子α（TNFα）及一氧化无合酶（NOS）与哮喘气道炎症的关系，为痰液检查用于病情监测提供依据。方法：检测不同病期哮喘患儿血液及诱导痰液中TNFα与NOS水平。结果：各期哮喘组血液、痰液TNFα及NOS均高于对照组（P＜0．05），中重度发作期高于轻度发作期及缓解期（P＜0．01）。除对照组外，各组血液及痰液中TNFα与NOS之间以及血液和痰液同一检测指标之间均呈正相关（P＜0．05）。结论：TNFα、NOS参与气道炎症形成，其痰液水平可反映哮喘病情。
Objective: To investigate the relationship between tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) and non-oxidative synthase (NOS) and airway inflammation in asthma and to provide basis for sputum examination for disease surveillance. Methods: The level of TNFα and NOS in blood and induced sputum of children with asthma at different stages were detected. Results: The levels of TNFα and NOS in blood and sputum in asthma group were higher than those in control group (P <0.05), moderate and severe episodes were higher than mild attacks and remission (P <0.01). Except for the control group, there was a positive correlation between TNFα, NOS, blood and sputum in the blood and sputum of each group (P <0.05). Conclusion: TNFα and NOS are involved in the formation of airway inflammation. The level of sputum can reflect the condition of asthma.