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目的研究大豆异黄酮(soybean isoflavone,SIF)对脑缺血大鼠学习记忆能力的影响,并探讨其防治脑缺血损伤的机制。方法将雌雄各半的60只SD大鼠随机分为6组,即脑缺血模型组,假手术组,模型对照组,SIF低剂量、中剂量、高剂量治疗组。脑缺血模型组采用双侧颈总动脉永久性结扎方法制备;假手术组除不结扎双侧颈总动脉外其他处理步骤均同脑缺血模型组;模型对照组给予蒸馏水10 m L·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)灌胃,连续2个月;SIF低、中、高剂量组分别给予SIF 10,30,60 m L·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)灌服,均连续2个月。2个月后通过Morris水迷宫实验及跳台实验检测各组大鼠的学习记忆能力。结果各脑缺血模型组大鼠的学习记忆能力较假手术组明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);模型对照组大鼠学习记忆能力与脑缺血模型组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);SIF低、中、高剂量治疗组大鼠学习记忆能力较模型对照组明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),SIF的治疗作用呈浓度依赖性。结论大豆异黄酮可改善脑缺血大鼠的学习记忆能力,可能通过抗氧化作用保护脑缺血损伤。
Objective To investigate the effect of soybean isoflavone (SIF) on learning and memory in rats with cerebral ischemia and to explore its mechanism of preventing and treating cerebral ischemia injury. Methods Sixty male and one female SD rats were randomly divided into 6 groups: cerebral ischemia model group, sham operation group, model control group, SIF low dose, middle dose and high dose treatment group. The cerebral ischemic model group was prepared by permanent bilateral common carotid artery ligation. In the sham-operated group, other treatment steps were the same as those of the cerebral ischemia model group without ligating the common carotid artery. The model control group was given distilled water 10 m L · kg ~ (-1) · d ~ (-1) for 2 months. SIF 10, 30 and 60 m L · kg ~ (-1) · d ~ (-1) 1) irrigated, both for 2 months. After 2 months, Morris water maze test and step-down test were used to detect the learning and memory abilities of rats in each group. Results The learning and memory abilities of rats in each model of cerebral ischemia were significantly lower than those in sham operation group (P <0.05). There was no statistical difference in the learning and memory ability between model and control rats (P> 0.05). The learning and memory abilities of SIF low, middle and high dose treatment groups were significantly higher than that of the model control group (P <0.05), and the therapeutic effect of SIF was concentration-dependent. Conclusion Soy isoflavones can improve the ability of learning and memory in cerebral ischemia rats and protect the cerebral ischemia injury through antioxidation.