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抗日战争胜利后,文物开始由后方运回南京。1948年淮海战役后,南京感到危机,蒋介石计划在台湾建立最后立足点,于1948年11月决定将故宫国宝和南京中央博物院、国立中央图书馆、中央研究院的藏品运往台湾。当时可以运送文物的只有两艘军舰和一艘商轮,所以只能从近两万箱文物中选出2972箱,大部分是清宫收藏的精华,包括历代名画及书法、清宫全部藏书和最精美的宋瓷。总数约只是故宫国宝的六分之一,其余的留在南京。后来在这些文物的基础上建立了台北“故宫博物院”。
After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, the relics began to be transported back to Nanjing from the rear. After the Huaihai Campaign in 1948, Nanjing felt a crisis. Chiang Kai-shek planned to establish a final foothold in Taiwan and decided in November 1948 to transport the National Palace Museum and the Central Museum of Nanjing, the National Central Library and the Academia Sinica to Taiwan. At that time, there were only two warships and a commercial vessel capable of transporting cultural relics. Therefore, only 2972 boxes were selected from nearly 20,000 cases of cultural relics, most of which are the essence of the Qing Palace collection, including famous paintings and calligraphy of the ages, the entire collection of the Qing Palace and the most beautiful Song porcelain. The total number is only about one-sixth of the National Palace Museum, the rest stay in Nanjing. Later, on the basis of these artifacts, the Taipei National Palace Museum was established.