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对广西钦州市马尾松林和巨尾桉人工林的植物多样性开展研究,旨在阐明桉树林取代马尾松林对植物多样性和植物功能群的影响,促进对桉树人工林的科学认知。研究表明,采伐马尾松林种植桉树后10年,在1800m2样地内,桉树林的物种数为95～98种(木本植物50种,藤本17～19种,草本24～28种),而马尾松林为63～88种(木本植物32～48种,藤本13～24种,草本16种),两类林分的木本、藤本和总物种数差异不显著(P为0.237～0.937),而草本植物差异显著(P=0.038),表明桉树林取代马尾松林将显著增加草本植物的物种丰富度。桉树林取代马尾松林对铁芒萁有显著的负效应,重要值减少50%(P=0.077),而对五节芒(P=0.057)和东方乌毛蕨(P=0.079)有显著的正效应,重要值提高0.85～3.76倍。桉树林和马尾松林木本植物的Shannon-Wiener指数(H′)、Simpson指数(D)和均匀度指数(Jsw)差异不显著(P为0.299～0.957),而草本植物的H′、D和Jsw差异极显著(P≤0.002)。桉树林取代马尾松林对群落的物种多样性和功能群具有显著的影响,然而,桉树人工林建立过程中采取的采伐、炼山、整地、施肥等措施是导致群落物种多样性和功能群变化的主要原因。
The plant diversity of Pinus massoniana and E. grandis plantations in Qinzhou City of Guangxi Province was studied in order to clarify the impact of Eucalyptus massoniana replanting masson pine on plant diversity and plant functional groups and to promote scientific understanding of Eucalyptus plantation. The results showed that the species number of eucalyptus forest was 95 ~ 98 species (50 species of woody plant, 17-19 species of vine and 24-28 species of herb) in 1800m2 plots after cutting eucalyptus trees for 10 years. The difference was not significant (P = 0.237-0.937) between 63 and 88 species (32 to 48 species of woody plants, 13 to 24 species of vines and 16 herbs) Herbaceous plants had significant differences (P = 0.038), indicating that replacement of Pinus massoniana forest with eucalyptus forest would significantly increase the species richness of the herbaceous plants. The replacement of Pinus massoniana forest with eucalyptus forest had a significant negative effect on M. przewalskii, with a significant reduction of 50% (P = 0.077) and significant positive (P = 0.058) for P. monodon (P = 0.057) Effect, important value increased 0.85 ~ 3.76 times. The Shannon-Wiener index (H ’), Simpson index (D) and evenness index (Jsw) of woody plants of Eucalyptus and Pinus massoniana forest were not significantly different (P = 0.299-0.957) Jsw difference was significant (P≤0.002). Eucalyptus replaced Pinus massoniana forest community species diversity and functional groups have a significant impact, however, eucalyptus plantation in the process of cutting, refining, land preparation, fertilization and other measures lead to changes in community species diversity and functional groups main reason.