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有大量证据显示,血管病理学在大多数关节疾病特别是在关节炎中发挥着重要作用.其主要发病机制包括静脉血栓导致长骨末端软骨下骨的小血管间歇性血流供应不足,由此造成软骨下骨血流量减少,组织间液也相应减少,软骨下骨缺血使关节软骨处的营养和气体交换受到限制,这是引起软骨退行性变的一个主要诱发因素.其次,软骨下骨缺血引起局部骨细胞凋亡,促使骨破骨性吸收,进而导致骨质对外层软骨的支撑作用减弱.深刻理解诱发骨关节炎的早期病因对于制定有效治疗的措施阻止关节炎的发病进程具有重要意义.“,”There is mounting evidence that vascular pathology plays a role in the initiation and/or progression of the major disease of joints; osteoarthritis (OA) . Potential mechanisms are: episodically reduced blood flow through the small vessels in the subchondral bone at the ends of long bones, and related to this, reduced interstitial fluid flow in subchondral bone and compromised nutrient and gas exchange into the articular cartilage, a potential initiator of degradation changes in the cartilage. The second is apoptosis of osteocytes in regions of the subchondral bone, which would initiate osteoclastic resorption of that bone and at least temporarily reduce the bony support for the overlying cartilage. It may be important to recognize these potential aetiologi-cal factors in order to develop more effective treatments to inhibit the progression of OA.