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作物残茬,包括玉米的茎叶(叶子、茎杆,玉米的碎料),小谷粒作物的茎杆,粒用高粱的茎和叶子,大豆的茎,棉花杆等。除去出售的粮食,种子,纤维之外,植物的其余部份都视为残在。不少科学家认为作物残茬是提供生物能量的直接来源。在美国九种主要作物一年内生产的残茬大约是36,300万吨。生产这些主要作物残茬的州是:衣阿华、伊利诺斯、堪萨斯、内布拉斯加和明尼苏达。生产残茬最多的作物是玉米、小麦和大豆。作物残茬每吨干物质产生的热量大约是300大卡,约为煤产生热量的1/2,石油的1/3。36,300万吨残茬产生的能量约为农业用的能量的2倍,或者约为美国全国所用能量总数的1—2％由于作物残茬可用于多种目的:供能源。工业、畜牧业、环境保护和食物生产的需要,
Crop residues, including stems and leaves of corn (leaves, stalks, shredded corn), stems of small grain crops, stems and leaves of sorghum, stems of soybean, cotton rods, and the like. Apart from the sale of food, seeds, fiber, the rest of the plant is considered as residual. Many scientists believe crop residues are the direct source of bioenergy. The stubble produced in the nine major U.S. crops within a year is about 363 million tonnes. The states that produce these major crop residues are Iowa, Illinois, Kansas, Nebraska and Minnesota. Crops that produce the most stubble are corn, wheat and soybeans. Crop residues produce about 300 calories per tonne of dry matter, about one-half calories of coal, 1 / 3.363 million tons of oil produced about twice as much energy as agriculture, Or about 1-2% of the total energy used in the United States. Since crop residues can be used for many purposes: for energy. Industrial, animal husbandry, environmental protection and food production needs,