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BACKGROUND:?The?tumor?burden?before?liver?transplantation?indicates? that? hepatitis? B? virus? ? (HBV)? may? hide? in? the?extrahepatic?and?micrometastatic?sites?which?serve?as?a?source?of? HBV? replication.? Currently,? many? liver? transplant? centers,?especially?in?Western?countries,?use?the?Milan?or?UCSF?criteria?to? select? patients? with? hepatocellular? carcinoma? for? liver?transplantation.? This? study? was? undertaken? to? compare? the?HBV?prophylactic?outcomes?in?two?groups?of?living?donor?liver?transplantation?(LDLT)?recipients.?Patients?in?group?A?met?the?Milan?criteria?and?those?in?group?B?exceeded?the?Milan?criteria?but?were?within?the?UCSF?criteria. METHODS:?A? database? of? adult-to-adult? right-lobe? LDLT?performed? at? our? institution? for? HBV-related? hepatocellular?carcinoma? within? the? Milan? or? UCSF? criteria? between? June?2002?and?May?2012?was?used?to?compare?the?HBV?prophylactic?outcomes?between?patients?within?the?Milan?criteria?(group?A,?41?patients)?and?those?exceeding?the?Milan?criteria?but?within?the?UCSF?criteria?(group?B,?19?patients). RESULTS:?The? 1-,? 3-,? and? 5-year? survival? rates? were? similar?between? groups? A? and? B? (87.8%,? 85.1%? and? 74.0%? vs? 73.3%,?61.1%? and? 61.1%,? respectively,? P=0.067).? HBV? recurred? in? 1?patient?in?3.1?months?after?LDLT?in?group?A?and?in?2?patients?in?group?B?(1?in?11.9?months?and?1?in?24.1?months?after?LDLT).?The?1-,?3-,?and?5-year?HBV?recurrence?rates?were?2.6%,?2.6%?and?2.6%?in?group?A,?and?7.3%,?17.9%?and?17.9%?in?group?B,?respectively?(P=0.118). CONCLUSION:?LDLT?recipients?who?exceed?the?Milan?criteria?but?remain?within?the?UCSF?criteria?may?have?post-transplant?HBV? prophylactic? outcomes? similar? to? those? who? meet? the?Milan?criteria.