谈古诗词中的虚和实

• 作 者: 周承伟
• 机 构: 宣威市格宜镇第一中学,
• 出 处: 云南教育(中学教师)
• 发表日期: 2008年04期
• 关键词: 古诗词 隐者 罗敷 送孟浩然之广陵 金陵酒肆留别 《陌上桑》 青玉案 韦应物 别意 奔向大海

虚和实原本涉及哲学范畴,古人认为:“有者为实,无者为虚;有据为实,假托为虚;客观为实,主观为虚;具体为实,抽象为虚;显者为实,隐者为虚;有行为实,徒言为虚;当前为实,未来为虚;已知为实,未知为虚……”那么,文学中的虚实,特别是古诗词中的虚实,与哲学范畴中的虚实究竟有何不同?古诗词中的虚实与情景、烘托手法以及比喻之间又有何种关系?

Virtual reality involves the philosophical category. The ancients believed that: “There are others who are real; none are imaginary; they are based on facts, they are false; they are objective; they are subjective; they are concrete; they are concrete; Actually, the recluse is imaginary; there is behavior, and the idiom is false; the present is true, the future is imaginary; the known is true, and the unknown is imaginary...” "Then the truth in literature, especially in ancient poetry What is the difference between actuality and reality in the category of philosophical realities? What is the relationship between the actual situation in ancient poetry and scenes, the contrasting techniques and metaphors?