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目的了解监管场所内羁押人员的艾滋病(AIDS)流行规律和特点,为制定相应的政策和制度提供科学依据,以进一步控制该人群中乃至普通人群的艾滋病病毒(HIV)流行和蔓延。方法由疾病预防控制中心专业人员,每年定期到青岛市监狱、看守所等监管场所,抽取新入所的目标人群的血液标本,检测HIV抗体。用专门设计的个案流行病学调查表,对HIV抗体阳性者进行艾滋病相关行为学和人口学调查。结果1999-2007年,共检测35 352人,检出HIV阳性者38例,总阳性率0.11%。在所有监管场所中,看守所的阳性率为0.14%,监狱为0.07%,劳教所为0.02%,妇教所0。检出的阳性者中,通过静脉吸毒感染和通过性接触途径感染的人数几乎各占一半,且以年轻男性、低文化程度、外来人口为主。结论应定期进行HIV的检测,尤其是对新入所人员的检测不应忽视。在发现的感染者中,绝大部分是外来人口。应进一步加强对外来流动人口的管理及艾滋病的宣传和筛查力度,尤其是来自高发省份的流动人口。
Objective To understand the epidemic rules and characteristics of AIDS in custodial places and to provide a scientific basis for formulating policies and systems to further control the HIV epidemic and spread among the general population as well as the general population. Methods The Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) professionals regularly go to regulatory agencies such as prisons and detention houses in Qingdao City every year to collect blood samples from new target populations and test HIV antibody. A case-specific epidemiological questionnaire was used to conduct HIV-related behavioral and demographic surveys of HIV-positive individuals. Results From 1999 to 2007, a total of 35 352 persons were detected, of which 38 were HIV-positive and the total positive rate was 0.11%. Among all the supervised places, the positive rate of detention centers was 0.14%, that of prisons was 0.07%, that of reeducation-through-labor camps was 0.02%, and that of women’s and women’s schools. Among the positive cases detected, almost half of them were infected by intravenous drug use and by sexual contact, and were mainly young men, people with low education levels and migrants. Conclusions HIV testing should be carried out on a regular basis, especially for testing new arrivals. Among the infected people found, the vast majority are migrants. The management of migrants and the promotion and screening of HIV / AIDS should be further strengthened, especially for migrants from high-risk provinces.