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患者女,26岁。下腹部坠胀不适3个月入院。体格检查:外阴(-),阴道(-),宫颈光滑,宫体大小正常,左附件可扪及一大小为8×7厘米的囊性肿物,表面光滑,活动差,无压痛,月经正常,量中等,有血块。临床初诊:卵巢肿瘤。打开腹腔探查左卵巢行一大小为8×5×4厘米的肿物,包膜完整,呈囊性,游离切除。剖开见内有灰黄清亮液体,部分区域呈实性,见皮脂和毛发。取实性区域做病理检查,病理诊断为:(左)卵巢囊性畸胎瘤,瘤组织内见到成熟的神经组织及小脑组织。 讨论 畸胎瘤是起源于具有多能性分化潜能的原始生殖细胞。最常见于卵巢、睾丸,其次为骶尾部、纵隔、
Female patient, 26 years old. The lower abdomen bulges and discomfort for 3 months. Physical examination: vulva (-), vagina (-), smooth cervical, normal uterine body size, left accessory can be a cystic mass with a size of 8 × 7 cm, smooth surface, poor activity, no tenderness, normal menstruation Medium amount, with blood clots. Clinical initial diagnosis: Ovarian neoplasms. Open the abdominal cavity to inspect the left ovary for a mass of 8 x 5 x 4 cm. The capsule is complete, cystic, and free removed. Cut open to see there are bright yellow liquid, some areas are solid, see sebum and hair. Take the solid area for pathological examination, pathological diagnosis: (left) ovarian cystic teratoma, mature tissue and neonatal cerebellar tissue. DISCUSSION Teratomas originate from primordial germ cells with pluripotent differentiation potential. Most common in the ovaries and testes, followed by the sacrococcygeal, mediastinum,