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香脂树是植物树体内可分泌物理性质与柴油相似的树脂油的一类树种,在开发内外用药物制剂、天然精油、专业护理产品等医药和日用方面具有广泛用途,并成为热带地区重要的非木材林产品之一。目前,因香脂树天然分布区域较窄、野生资源分布少以及泌油特性与机制不清等问题,在一定程度上影响了对该树种的认知度和资源的开发利用。文中综述香脂树的种类及分布、泌油生物学特性与机理、树脂油理化性质及其在药用和日用方面的应用,探讨香脂树研究与应用中存在的问题,并对今后研究方向提出展望,旨在为深入开展香脂树相关研究提供参考。
Balsam tree, a species of tree oil secreting physical properties similar to diesel oil in plant trees, has a wide range of uses in medicine and daily use such as the development of internal and external pharmaceutical preparations, natural essential oils, specialty care products and has become an important part of the tropics One of the non-timber forest products. At present, due to the narrow natural distribution area of balsam tree, less distribution of wild resources, and unclear characteristics and mechanisms of secretion, the recognition of the tree species and the development and utilization of resources are affected to a certain extent. In this paper, the species and distribution of balsam, biological characteristics and mechanism of oil secretion, the physical and chemical properties of resin oil and its application in medicine and daily use are reviewed. The problems existing in the research and application of balsam tree are discussed, and the future research directions are proposed Looking forward to provide a reference for further research on balsam tree.