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一、国际服务出口贸易在海南特区扩大开放中的重要战略地位 1、海南特区的省情决定服务对外出口贸易在扩大开放中处于重要战略地位。我国对外开放最主要的内容就是商品和服务对外贸易,尤其是出口贸易。尽管从绝对数上看,海南特区的商品和服务对外出口额同全国平均水平比都不算高,但就本省内部比较看,海南服务出口创汇要比商品出口创汇增长得快,而且后劲要大。资料显示,1992年以来,海南特区商品出口创汇在低水平上徘徊,而服务出口创汇,以旅游创汇为主有较快的增长。海南特区商品出口创汇1992年为8.81亿美元,1996年降为8.4亿美元,其中海南当地产品出口创汇4亿美元,占全国的0.26％;海南特区旅游创汇由1992年的5715万美元上升到1996年的8542万美元,占全国的0.84％,4年间增长了49％。海南特区近年来呈现商品出口的停滞和服务出口的较快增长的特点,是由其省情决定的。一方面,海南特区目前工业基础仍然薄弱、水平初步化、规模小型化、农业商品化较低、劳动者技术水平及装备程度低等因素从根本上决定海南商品出口在竞争中处于劣势地位。另一方面,海南特区基础设施优先建设、服务业水准较高、具有良好的生态环境和独具特色的旅游资源和独特的区位,使得其在服务出口方面有比较优势。这种优势一部分已经发挥出
I. Important strategic position for international service export trade in opening up in Hainan Special Economic Zone 1. Hainan Province’s situation in the province decided that the service of export trade for services is in an important strategic position for opening up wider to the outside world. The main content of China’s opening to the outside world is the foreign trade of goods and services, especially the export trade. Although in terms of absolute numbers, the overseas exports of goods and services in Hainan are not high compared with the national average, the internal exchange rate of Hainan’s service exports has risen faster than the export of foreign exchange earned by commodity exports, and the stamina is greater . Statistics show that since 1992, the exports of merchandise in Hainan Special Administrative Region have been hovering at low levels, while the export of services for foreign exchange earning more rapid growth through foreign exchange earning from tourism. In 1992, Hainan’s special economic zone earned foreign exchange of 881 million U.S. dollars, down from 840 million U.S. dollars in 1996, of which, the export of local products in Hainan reached 400 million U.S. dollars, accounting for 0.26% of the national total. The tourism revenue of Hainan Special Economic Zone rose from 57.15 million U.S. dollars in 1992 to 1996 85.42 million U.S. dollars in 2008, accounting for 0.84% of the national total, up 49% over the four years. In recent years, Hainan’s special economic zone has shown its stagnation in the export of goods and the rapid growth of its service exports. On the one hand, due to the fact that Hainan’s industrial base is still weak at the moment, preliminary level and miniaturization of scale, low agricultural commercialization, low technical level and low equipment level of Hainan’s labor sector fundamentally determine that Hainan’s export of commodities is in a disadvantageous position in the competition. On the other hand, Hainan has a priority in infrastructure construction and a high level of service industry. It has a good ecological environment and unique tourism resources and a unique location, making it a comparative advantage in service exports. Part of this advantage has been played out