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目的探讨自发性早产和治疗性早产的危险因素和分娩结局。方法选取早产孕妇994例,其中自发性早产649例(A组),治疗性早产345例(B组)。比较两组早产的危险因素、分娩方式及早产儿情况。结果A组以胎膜早破为主要原因(70.26%),B组以胎盘因素为主要因素(34.20%)。A组阴道分娩率高于B组(65.33% vs.2.32%)(P<0.05)。两组相同孕期内比较,新生儿颅内出血、高胆红素血症、窒息和新生儿死亡的发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);在妊娠34~36+6周,A组新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征和新生儿肺炎的发生率高于B组(P<0.05)。A组出生体重≥2.5kg的早产儿比例高于B组(42.99% vs.32.02%)(P<0.05);两组孕妇均以34~36+6周分娩居多。结论及早识别早产危险因素,重视治疗性早产的病因和处理方法,适时干预早产,尽可能降低治疗性早产儿的出生。
Objective To explore the risk factors and delivery outcomes of spontaneous preterm and therapeutic preterm birth. Methods 994 preterm pregnant women were selected, including 649 cases of spontaneous preterm labor (group A) and 345 cases of therapeutic preterm labor (group B). The risk factors of preterm labor, mode of delivery and premature infants were compared between the two groups. Results The main cause of premature rupture of membranes was 70.26% in group A, and placenta was the main factor in group B (34.20%). The vaginal delivery rate of group A was higher than that of group B (65.33% vs.2.32%) (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of neonatal intracranial hemorrhage, hyperbilirubinemia, asphyxia and neonatal death between the two groups during the same trimester (P> 0.05). During the third trimester of pregnancy, newborns in group A The incidence of respiratory distress syndrome and neonatal pneumonia was higher in group B than in group B (P <0.05). The proportion of preterm infants born in group A weighing ≥2.5kg was higher than that in group B (42.99% vs.3.02.02%) (P <0.05). The majority of pregnant women in each group were delivered in 34-36 + 6 weeks. Conclusion Early identification of risk factors for preterm birth, attention to the causes and treatment of preterm labor, timely intervention premature delivery, as much as possible to reduce the birth of therapeutic premature children.