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应用RAPD标记,对42个不同苜蓿品种的亲缘关系进行研究。采用CTAB改良法可快速提取到较高质量苜蓿基因组总DNA用于RAPD扩增,并从RAPD反应中筛选出19个10碱基随机引物,总共扩增出220条带,其中138条呈多态性,占62.7%,82条为单态性带,占37.3%;利用MEGA2.1软件计算42个苜蓿品种遗传距离,进行UPGMA聚类分析,遗传距离在0.174~0.500之间,说明供试苜蓿品种间遗传距离较大,亲缘关系较远。遗传距离为0.435时,42个苜蓿品种可分为五类,不同苜蓿品种间的亲缘关系有较大的差异,表明RAPD标记可作为苜蓿品种亲缘关系判定的依据。这为苜蓿品种遗传改良、杂交亲本选配提供可靠的科学依据。
RAPD markers were used to study the genetic relationship of 42 different alfalfa cultivars. The total DNA of alfalfa genomic DNA of higher quality was rapidly extracted by CTAB method for RAPD amplification. Nineteen 10-base random primers were screened from RAPD reaction, and a total of 220 bands were amplified, of which 138 were polymorphic (62.7%) and monotypic bands (82.3%), accounting for 37.3%. MEGA2.1 software was used to calculate the genetic distance of 42 alfalfa cultivars and UPGMA cluster analysis was carried out. The genetic distance was between 0.174 and 0.500, indicating that alfalfa Genetic distance between varieties larger, distant relations. When the genetic distance was 0.435, 42 alfalfa cultivars could be divided into five groups, and the genetic relationships among different alfalfa cultivars were significantly different, indicating that RAPD markers could be used as the basis for determining the genetic relationship of alfalfa cultivars. This provides a reliable scientific basis for genetic improvement of alfalfa varieties and selection of hybrid parents.