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管理信息化 维纳在其名著《控制论》中指出:“信息量的概念非常自然地从属于统计力学的一个古典概念——熵。”熵原是表达物质系统热运动状态的一个重要物理量,现在已推广到一切系统的运动过程了。熵是系统的无序状态的度量,即系统的不确定性的度量,而信息与熵恰恰相反,它是一个系统的有序化转变的标志,是系统组织性的度量。所以,信息在系统的运动过程中可以看作是负熵。维纳写道:“正如一个系统中的信息量是它的组织化程度的度量,一个系统的熵就是它的无组织程度的度量;这一个正好是那一个
Management informational Wiener pointed out in his famous book “Control Theory”: “The concept of information volume is naturally subordinate to a classical concept of statistical mechanics - entropy.” Entropy is an important physical quantity that expresses the thermal motion state of a material system. It has now been extended to all systemic movements. Entropy is a measure of the disorder of the system, which is a measure of the uncertainty of the system, and information and entropy are exactly the opposite. It is a sign of the orderly transition of the system and a measure of the organization of the system. Therefore, information can be seen as negative entropy during the movement of the system. Wiener wrote: "As much as the amount of information in a system is a measure of its degree of organization, the entropy of a system is the measure of its unorganized nature; this one is exactly the one