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目的 探讨医院获得性急性少尿型肾功能衰竭的病因。方法 回顾分析1996年1月～1998年7月临床证实的与医疗干预有关的急性肾衰患者的发病原因。结果 滥用或不适当联合用药,漏诊药物性急性过敏性间质性肾炎,未能及时纠正低血容量,过度应用扩血管、降压药物等是主要原因。结论 药物性肾中毒,低容量及药物性低血压所致肾低灌注及药物过敏性间质性肾炎是医院获得性急性肾功能衰竭的主要病因。故临床医师在用药过程中应权衡药物对患者的利弊,积极预防和处理药物的毒副作用。
Objective To investigate the etiology of hospital-acquired acute oliguric renal failure. Methods Retrospective analysis of January 1996 to July 1998 clinically proven medical intervention related to acute renal failure causes of the disease. The results of abuse or inappropriate combination of drugs, missed diagnosis of drug-induced acute allergic interstitial nephritis, failed to correct the hypovolemia, excessive use of vasodilators, antihypertensive drugs are the main reasons. Conclusion Drug-induced nephrotoxicity, hypovolemia and drug-induced hypointense renal hypoperfusion and drug allergic interstitial nephritis are the main causes of hospital-acquired acute renal failure. Therefore, clinicians should weigh the pros and cons of drugs on patients in the course of medication, and actively prevent and deal with the side effects of drugs.