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某些外源性化学物和苯乙烯、松香、醋氨酚和黄曲霉毒素 B_1等引起靶器官细胞严重损害时,其相应组织内的谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量和谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶(GST)的活性明显下降。反之,如果预先给予半胱氨酸(GSH 的前身)或给予硝酸铅[Pb(NO_3) _2] 以维持或提高细胞内的 GSH 水平时,上述化学物的毒作用则大大减轻,这已为大量的实验研究所证实。GSH 在外源性化学物的代谢中起着重要的解毒作用已为许多研究者所公认。本文作者仅从GSH 的分子特性、代谢途径中所涉及有关酶系的作用以及它的解毒机制等方面作一简述。
Certain exogenous chemicals and styrene, rosin, acetaminophen and aflatoxin B_1 cause serious damage to target organ cells, the corresponding tissue glutathione (GSH) content and glutathione-S - transferase (GST) activity decreased significantly. Conversely, the toxic effects of the above chemicals are greatly reduced if cysteine (the precursor of GSH) or lead nitrate [Pb (NO_3) _2] is administered in advance to maintain or increase intracellular levels of GSH, The experimental study confirmed. GSH plays an important detoxification role in the metabolism of exogenous chemicals and has been well recognized by many researchers. The author of this article only briefly reviewed the molecular characteristics of GSH, the roles of enzymes involved in metabolic pathways and its detoxification mechanisms.