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目的了解新疆和田地区维吾尔族学龄前儿童营养和体格发育状况,为地区开展营养指导和干预提供基础资料。方法采取随机整群抽样方法抽取新疆和田地区墨玉县维吾尔族学龄前儿童787名,采用三日称重法进行膳食调查,并对儿童的身高、体重进行测量。结果 (1)能量、蛋白质、脂肪分别占膳食营养素参考摄入量(DRIs)的60.77%、53.07%、78.16%,优质蛋白占总蛋白质摄入量的比例为15.71%;维生素A、核黄素、尼克酸、维生素C及维生素E分别占38.01%、25.48%、62.22%、11.21%及46.93%;钾、钙、铁、锌、铜及硒分别占34.32%、11.09%、18.78%、16.81%、39.08%及56.70%;摄入量均不足。(2)生长迟缓率为20.76%,低体重率为3.10%,消瘦率为2.07%。结论新疆和田地区维吾尔族学龄前儿童体格发育不良,膳食营养状况有待改善。
Objective To understand the nutrition and physical development status of Uygur pre-school children in Hetian, Xinjiang, and provide basic information for nutrition guidance and intervention in the region. Methods 787 Uygur preschool children in Moyu County, Hetian, Xinjiang were collected by random cluster sampling method. The three-day weighing method was used to investigate the diet and the height and weight of children were measured. Results (1) The energy, protein and fat accounted for 60.77%, 53.07% and 78.16% of the reference intakes of dietary nutrients (DRIs), respectively, and the percentage of high quality protein to total protein intake was 15.71% , Nicotinic acid, vitamin C and vitamin E accounted for 38.01%, 25.48%, 62.22%, 11.21% and 46.93% respectively; potassium, calcium, iron, zinc, copper and selenium accounted for 34.32%, 11.09%, 18.78% and 16.81% , 39.08% and 56.70%, respectively; all the intake was insufficient. (2) The rate of slow growth was 20.76%, the rate of low weight was 3.10% and the rate of wasting was 2.07%. Conclusion The Uygur pre-school children in Hetian area have poor physical development and need to improve their nutritional status.