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通过吉林省3个典型黑土实验点(15年玉米和水稻连作)的长期测定,对土壤养分变化进行了分析,并采用数值化的方法对其综合肥力进行了评价。研究结果表明,土壤有机质含量3个实验点均呈增加趋势;土壤全氮、碱解氮和速效钾含量平原玉米地呈下降趋势,而坡地玉米地和平原水稻田呈上升趋势;近年来,速效磷含量3个实验点均下降明显。肥力综合评价表明,平原玉米地的综合肥力略呈下降趋势,而坡地玉米地和平原水稻田的综合肥力呈现上升趋势,总体反映出在常规管理条件下,典型地块肥力15年来没有严重的退化现象。
Through the long-term determination of three typical black soil experimental sites in Jilin Province (15-year continuous cropping of maize and rice), the changes of soil nutrients were analyzed and the comprehensive fertility was evaluated by numerical methods. The results showed that the soil organic matter content of three experimental sites showed an increasing trend; soil total nitrogen, available nitrogen and available potassium content of plain maize showed a downward trend, while the slope of maize and plain paddy fields is on the rise; in recent years, available phosphorus Content of three experimental points decreased significantly. The comprehensive evaluation of fertility showed that the comprehensive fertility of plain maize decreased slightly while the comprehensive fertility of slope maize and plain paddy showed an upward trend. Generally speaking, under typical management conditions, typical plots fertility had no serious degradation in 15 years .