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目的:探讨视网膜脱离的形成机制、鉴别诊断、鉴定方法等相关问题。方法:对15例视网膜脱离的临床法医学鉴定资料进行回顾性研究。结果:15例视网膜脱离案例中,10例为外伤性视网膜脱离,其他5例存在不同程度的眼球组织结构病变,为非外伤性视网膜脱离;鉴定时间在3～14mo,其中轻微伤2例,轻伤5例,重伤8例。结论:外伤性视网膜脱离要有明确的眼部外伤史,且损伤程度重,玻璃体、视网膜未见明显变性改变;而非外伤性视网膜脱离的主要特点为外伤程度轻,多以外眼损伤为主,存在玻璃体、视网膜变性;损伤程度应在诊断明确及进行相关治疗后,主要依据中心视力或视野损害情况确定。
Objective: To explore the formation mechanism of retinal detachment, differential diagnosis, identification methods and other related issues. Methods: Clinical data of 15 cases of retinal detachment were retrospectively studied. Results: Among the 15 cases of retinal detachment, 10 cases had traumatic retinal detachment, and the other 5 cases had varying degrees of ocular structure lesions, which were non-traumatic retinal detachment. The identification time ranged from 3 to 14 months, of which 2 cases were minor injuries, 5 cases of injury, 8 cases of serious injury. Conclusion: Traumatic retinal detachment should have a clear history of ocular trauma, and the degree of damage is heavy, the vitreous, the retina showed no significant degeneration changes; non-traumatic retinal detachment of the main traits of traumatic injury, mostly outside the eye damage, The presence of vitreous, retinal degeneration; degree of injury should be diagnosed and the relevant treatment, mainly based on central vision or visual field lesions identified.