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目的了解流动儿童的免疫状况及其影响因素。方法采用入户调查的方法,调查流动儿童免疫现状、影响免疫接种的多种因素。结果共调查322名流动儿童,五苗全程接种率为80.12%,低于本地常住儿童的接种率(97.83%)。男童、女童五苗全程接种率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。不同年龄流动儿童五苗全程接种率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但单苗接种率差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。居住在镇区的流动儿童单苗接种率、五苗全程接种率高于居住在郊区的流动儿童,差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。流动儿童的免疫状况与其户口登记情况,每年是否回原籍、父母文化程度、母亲有无稳定工作、家庭人均年收入、预防接种通知方式、家长对预防接种的认知状况及家长认为预防接种单位服务质量等因素相关。结论沈高镇流动儿童五苗全程接种率较低,流动儿童居住场所不稳定为直接原因。应加强对流动儿童的管理,提高家长对计划免疫相关知识的认知率,消除流动儿童免疫空白。
Objective To understand the immune status of migrant children and its influencing factors. Methods The method of household survey was used to investigate the status quo of immunization among migrant children and affect many factors of immunization. Results A total of 322 floating children were surveyed. The whole vaccination coverage rate was 80.12%, lower than that of the local resident children (97.83%). Boys and girls five seedlings vaccination rate difference was not statistically significant (P> 0.05). There was no significant difference in the whole vaccination rate of five seedlings of migrant children at different ages (P> 0.05), but there was significant difference in single seedling vaccination rate (all P <0.05). The vaccination rate of single seedlings and the full vaccination rate of migrant children living in townships were higher than those of migrant children living in suburbs (P <0.05). Immune status of migrant children and their account registration status, whether to return to their hometowns each year, their parents’ educational level, whether their mothers are working steadily, the annual per capita income of their families, the way of vaccination vaccination, the parents’ cognition of vaccination and parents’ Quality and other factors related. Conclusion The whole vaccination rate of five seedlings in Shenao town is low, and the instability of floating children’s living place is the direct reason. Management of migrant children should be strengthened, parents’ awareness of the immunization-related knowledge should be raised, and immunization gaps should be eliminated.