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造血干细胞捐献是世界各国鼓励的志愿活动,公益活动的性质决定了志愿者有拒绝的权利,但是如果志愿者同意捐献,患者又基于有配型的造血干细胞供移植而进行了清髓的相关治疗,这时志愿者若又拒绝捐献,患者会受到健康、精神以及财产的损失。为此,志愿者能否拒绝捐献以及拒绝后是否须承担法律责任和道德责任,成为一个特殊问题。本文在考察我国以及世界骨髓组织以及美国法律的基础上,第一部分阐明了志愿者在任何时候都有拒绝捐献的权利,第二部分说明了清髓后志愿者拒捐给受捐者带来的损害,第三部分使用分析实体法和利益衡量的方法分析志愿者是否须承担法律责任,第四部分分析志愿者是否承担道德责任。
The donation of hematopoietic stem cells is a voluntary activity encouraged by all countries in the world. The nature of public welfare activities determines that volunteers have the right to refuse. However, if the volunteers agree to donate, the patients are also treated with myeloablative therapy based on the matched type of hematopoietic stem cells for transplantation At this time, if the volunteer refuses to donate, the patient will suffer from loss of health, spirit and property. Therefore, it is a special issue whether volunteers can refuse donations and refuse to bear legal responsibility and moral responsibility. On the basis of a review of our country, the world of bone marrow and American law, the first part states that volunteers have the right to refuse to donate at any time. The second part explains the reasons that volunteers refuse to give donations The third part analyzes whether the volunteers should bear the legal responsibility by analyzing the substantive law and the method of interest measurement. The fourth part analyzes whether the volunteers bear the moral responsibility.