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[目的]了解全省碘缺乏病地区人群碘缺乏病防治知识宣传干预前后的认知水平,为制定山东省碘缺乏病(IDD)健康教育防治策略提供依据。[方法]在山东省100个碘缺乏病县中随机抽取43个项目县开展为期半年的碘缺乏病健康教育干预,采用统一的碘缺乏病防治知识问卷调查表进行基线调查和效果评估。[结果]效果评估时学生知识知晓率由80.80%提高到95.00%,在基线调查的基础上提高了14.20%,98%的项目县达到了碘缺乏病健康教育试点项目的控制指标;家庭主妇知识知晓率由82.50%提高到95.30%,在基线调查的基础上提高了12.80%,100%的项目县达到了碘缺乏病健教试点项目的控制指标。但基线调查发现,学生和家庭主妇知识知晓率最低为50.00%和48.20%。[结论]山东省碘缺乏病健康教育工作取得了很大成绩,但仍存在不少薄弱环节,不同地区的知识知晓率有明显差异。还需采取多种形式继续加大对小学生的宣传力度,以有效发挥他们对家庭和社会的长期督促和宣传作用。
[Objective] To understand the cognition level of Iodine Deficiency Disorders Prevention and Treatment Knowledge among population in iodine deficiency disorders in the whole province before and after intervention, so as to provide basis for establishing prevention and cure strategies of iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) in Shandong Province. [Method] A total of 43 project counties in 100 Iodine Deficiency Disorders Counties in Shandong Province were selected to carry out health education intervention for six months for iodine deficiency disorders. Baseline survey and effect evaluation were conducted by using the unified Knowledge Questionnaire for Prevention and Treatment of Iodine Deficiency Disorders. [Results] The awareness rate of student knowledge increased from 80.80% to 95.00% when assessing effects, increased by 14.20% based on the baseline survey, and 98% of project counties reached the control index of the iodine deficiency disease health education pilot project. The knowledge of housewives The awareness rate increased from 82.50% to 95.30%, increased by 12.80% based on the baseline survey, and 100% of project counties reached the control index of the iodine deficiency disease health education pilot project. However, the baseline survey found that the minimum knowledge of students and housewives was 50.00% and 48.20% respectively. [Conclusion] The great achievements have been made in health education of iodine deficiency disorders in Shandong Province. However, there are still many weak links, and there are obvious differences in knowledge awareness among different regions. There is also a need to take various forms to continue to step up propaganda for pupils in order to effectively bring into play their long-term role of supervising and promoting families and the society.