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利用以冬麦品种Maris Huntsman为背景的含有不同矮秆基因Rht1、Rht2和Rht3及其不同结合形式的6个近等基因系,研究了不同矮秆基因对小麦农艺性状的作用。结果表明:Rht1半矮秆基因显著提高了单株穗数、粒数和粒重、地上部生物产量、经济系数和倒二叶面积;Rht2半矮秆基因显著提高了单株(或单穗)粒数和粒重、经济系数和倒二叶面积,显著降低了千粒重;Rht3矮秆基因对单株粒数、地上部生物产量均有负向作用,显著提高了经济系数;Rht1+Rht2显著提高了经济系数;Rht2+Rht3对产量构成因子、地上部生物产量和经济系数均有负向作用;以上5种矮秆基因型均有显著的降秆作用,但对旗叶面积、穗长、每穗小穗数无影响。
The effects of different dwarf genes on the agronomic traits of wheat were studied using 6 near-isogenic lines with different dwarfing genes Rht1, Rht2 and Rht3 and their different combinations under the background of the winter wheat variety Maris Huntsman. The results showed that: Rht1 semi-dwarf gene significantly increased the number of panicle per plant, grain number and grain weight, shoot biomass, economic coefficient and the area of second leaf. Rht2 semi-dwarf gene significantly increased single plant (or single panicle) Rht1 + Rht2 significantly reduced the grain weight and grain weight, economic coefficient and inverted second leaf area, significantly reduced the 1000-grain weight; Rht3 dwarf gene had a negative effect on the grain number per plant and aboveground biomass, significantly increased the economic coefficient; Rht1 + Rht2 significantly increased Rht2 + Rht3 had a negative effect on yield components, shoot biomass and economic coefficient. The above five dwarfing genotypes all had significant descending stalk effect, but the leaf area, spike length, Spikelets spike no effect.