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由白叶枯病菌引起的白叶枯病是一种世界范围的严重水稻病害。水稻抗病主效基因Xa3/Xa26是一个对白叶枯病具有剂量效应的抗性基因,即它对白叶枯病的抗性随着该基因的表达量的升高而增强。我们通过农杆菌介导的遗传转化方法,利用玉米泛素基因的启动子(PUbi)在水稻中组成型表达Xa3/Xa26基因。用于遗传转化的构件除了携带Xa3/Xa26基因外,还携带抗除草剂的草丁膦乙酰转移酶基因Bar作为遗传转化的筛选标记。我们获得的携带单拷贝PUbi:Xa3/Xa26的两个转基因家系无论在成株期还是在苗期对白叶枯病都具有高水平的广谱抗性,且转基因家系的主要农艺性状与对照相比无显著差别。因为转基因家系中Xa3/Xa26基因与Bar基因紧密连锁,这两个家系可以作为育种的种质资源用于培育既抗白叶枯病又抗除草剂的水稻品种。
Bacterial leaf blight caused by bacterial leaf blight is a worldwide serious rice disease. The major resistance gene Xa3 / Xa26 in rice is a resistance gene to the bacterial leaf blight, that is, its resistance to bacterial leaf blight increases with the expression of this gene. We constitutively expressed the Xa3 / Xa26 gene in rice by the Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation method using the promoter of the maize ubiquitin gene (PUbi). In addition to carrying the Xa3 / Xa26 gene, the construct used for genetic transformation also carries the herbicide-resistant phosphinothricin acetyltransferase gene Bar as a screening marker for genetic transformation. The two transgenic lines we obtained carrying a single copy of PUbi: Xa3 / Xa26 had a high level of broad-spectrum resistance to bacterial leaf blight both in adult and in seedling stage, and the main agronomic traits of the transgenic lines were compared to the control No significant difference. Because the Xa3 / Xa26 genes in the transgenic lines are closely linked to the Bar gene, both families can be used as breeding germplasm resources to cultivate rice varieties resistant to both bacterial blight and herbicide.