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一、经理革命所谓经理革命,是指职业化的领薪人员在企业高层管理中逐渐占支配地位,取代了传统的所有者控制企业的形式,并成为企业经营运作的中心。经理革命是现代资本主义产权制度发展的产物。资本主义经济发展史上的经理革命经历了两个阶段。第一阶段以股东所有权同经营权分离为主要内容。其主要特征是大股东直接控制公司,即公司的大部分股权直接为某个家族或一个为数不多的股东集团所持有,其他股东作为“初始所有者”(或终极所有者)而存在。也就是说,企业的所有权已经与经营权相分离并掌握在法人产权的控制者手中。法人产权的控制者是谁?在企业高层的董事会,他们是某个家庭或某个为数不多的股东集团;在中层,他们是支薪的职业经理。
First, the manager of the revolution The so-called manager of the revolution, refers to the professional salary officers gradually occupy the top management in the enterprise, to replace the traditional owners control the form of enterprises, and become the center of business operations. The manager’s revolution is the product of the development of modern capitalist property rights system. The manager’s revolution in the history of capitalist economic development has gone through two stages. The first phase of the separation of ownership and management of shareholders as the main content. Its main feature is that the major shareholder directly controls the company, that is, most of the equity of the company is directly held by a certain family or a small group of shareholders, other shareholders are the “original owner” (or the ultimate owner) and exist. In other words, the ownership of the enterprise has been separated from the franchise and controlled by the controller of the legal person’s property. Who controls corporate ownership? At the top of the corporate board of directors, they are a family or a small group of shareholders; in the middle, they are paid professional managers.