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目的探讨不同程度智力障碍的常见原因及防治措施。方法对223例智力障碍的患儿进行智力诊断及辅助检查。结果在223例智力障碍患儿中,轻度者占18.8%,中度者占40.8%,重度者占32.8%,极重度者占7.6%。其中,42.8%轻度智力低下者病因不明,38.4%中度智力低下者原因不明,32.9%重度及23.5%极重度患者原因不明。结论智力障碍病因复杂,中重度智力障碍预防应以围生期生物因素为主,轻度智力障碍者应关注社会文化因素。
Objective To explore the common causes and preventive measures of mental retardation in different degree. Methods Totally 223 children with mental retardation were diagnosed with intelligence and assisted examination. Results Of the 223 children with mental retardation, 18.8% were mild, 40.8% were moderate, 32.8% were severe, and 7.6% were very severe. Of the total, 42.8% of the patients with mild mental retardation had unknown etiology, 38.4% of the patients with moderate mental retardation were unknown, 32.9% of the patients with severe or 23.5% of the patients with severe symptoms had unknown cause. Conclusions The etiology of mental retardation is complicated. The prevention of moderate and severe mental disorders should be based on the biological factors in the perinatal period. Those with mild mental retardation should pay attention to the social and cultural factors.