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用五种不同剂量的γ射线和５ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ咖啡因对大麦种子进行单独处理和γ射线与咖啡因间的复合处理，结果表明：辐照Ｍ１代的细胞学损伤及植株损伤指标均与辐照剂量呈直线相关，且相关系数达显著或极显著水平；Ｍ２代苗期的叶绿素突变率和性状变异率均与辐照剂量呈指数函数关系，相关系数也均达显著或极显著水平。咖啡因本身对大麦不具诱变性，但以它作辐射后处理．不仅能加剧Ｍ１代细胞学损伤及植株损伤，而且能提高Ｍ２代叶绿素突变率和农艺性状变异率，表明咖啡因作辐射后处理是提高诱变效率的有效措施。
Five different doses of γ-rays and 5 mmol / L caffeine were used to treat barley seeds individually and the combination treatment of γ-ray and caffeine was carried out. The results showed that the cytological damage and plant damage index of irradiated M1 generation were similar to those of irradiation The dose was linearly correlated, and the correlation coefficient reached significant or very significant level. The mutation rate of chlorophyll and the rate of mutation of M2 seedlings were exponential function and the correlation coefficient reached significant or extremely significant level. Caffeine itself is not mutagenic to barley, but treated with it for radiation. It can not only aggravate cytological damage and plant damage in M1 generation, but also increase the mutation rate of chlorophyll and agronomic trait in M2 generation, which shows that caffeine is an effective measure to improve the mutagenic efficiency after radiation treatment.