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目的:探讨小儿肺炎支原体(MP)肺炎的临床特点。方法:回顾性分析56例肺炎支原体感染的患儿的临床资料。结果:本组患儿以婴幼儿为主,3岁以内27例(48.2%),3-5岁14例(25%),5岁以上15例(26.8%)。婴幼儿以发热、肺部表现为主,其中表现为喘息者16例(59.3%)。有肺外损害是本病的特点29例(51.8%),并多见于年长儿,主要损害消化、心血管、神经、血液、泌尿等系统,表现为肝功能损害、心力衰竭、脑炎、血小板减少性紫癜、急性肾炎等。结论:婴幼儿感染MP的发生率较高,不同年龄组的临床表现各异,有肺外表现者可涉及多个系统,提示对以喘息和肺外表现为主要临床表现的患儿,应警惕MP感染,治疗首选大环内酯类药物,及早诊断和治疗,可取得良好预后。
Objective: To investigate the clinical features of children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) pneumonia. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 56 cases of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in children with clinical data. Results: The infants in this group were mainly infants and young children. There were 27 cases (48.2%) within 3 years, 14 cases (3-5%) in 3-5 years and 15 cases (26.8%) over 5 years old. Infants and young children with fever, lung performance, which showed wheezing in 16 cases (59.3%). There are 29 cases (51.8%) with extrapulmonary lesions which are more common in older children and mainly impair the digestive, cardiovascular, neurological, blood and urinary system. They are characterized by hepatic dysfunction, heart failure, encephalitis, Thrombocytopenic purpura, acute nephritis and so on. CONCLUSIONS: Infants and young children have a higher incidence of MP infection and different clinical manifestations in different age groups. Patients with extrapulmonary manifestations may be involved in multiple systems, suggesting vigilance in children with wheezing and extrapulmonary manifestations as the main clinical manifestations MP infection, the treatment of macrolide preferred drugs, early diagnosis and treatment, can achieve a good prognosis.