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众所周知,锆是一种活泼的稀有金属,但又是一种极耐腐蚀的金属,它的耐腐蚀性能主要是因为在常温(或高温条件)下表面能生成致密的氧化膜,可以抵抗大多数有机酸和无机酸、强碱的侵蚀,对氧化剂如硝酸、铬酸也有良好的耐蚀性。近年来锆主要应用于原子能工业(高压水冷反应堆护屏和部件),随着国民经济的不断发展,锆这一被人认为稀有难得的材料已逐渐为人熟悉,并不断转入民用工业,得到利用。可以预料:锆将胜于镍、镍基合金、耐蚀不锈钢、钛等金属而更广泛地应用到化学工业中去。
As we all know, zirconium is a kind of lively rare metal, but it is a very corrosion-resistant metal, its corrosion resistance is mainly due to the surface at room temperature (or high temperature conditions) to generate a dense oxide film that can resist the majority Organic acids and inorganic acids, alkali erosion, oxidants such as nitric acid, chromic acid also has good corrosion resistance. In recent years, zirconium is mainly used in atomic energy industry (high-pressure water-cooled reactor shields and components). With the continuous development of the national economy, zirconium, a rare and uncommon material, has gradually become familiar with and gradually transferred to civilian industry for utilization . It is expected that zirconium will be more widely used in the chemical industry than nickel, nickel based alloys, corrosion resistant stainless steels, titanium and other metals.